Removable crosshead for compressors



Mar. 13, 1923. W. WISHART ET'AL REMOVABLE CROSSHEAD FOR COMPRESS-ORS Filed Feb. 26, 1918 5 sheets-sheet l Mar. 13, 1923.

1,448,020 W. WISHART ET AL REMOVABLE CROSSHEAD Fdn COMPRESSORS Filed Feb. 26, 1918 5 sheets-sheet 2 ZAIUQ.

Patentfi Mar. 13, 1%23}.

entree snares.

rattan entrant WILLIAM WISHABT AND JOHN 0; WISHhB-T, OLE CLINTON, IOWA, ASSIGNOBS T0 CLWTON REFRIGERATING CQMPAE'Y, 0?. GLIN'TON, IDWA, A CORPORATION OF IDWA.

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Application'fllefi February 2d, R918. Seriallt'o. 21%,21a3.

To all whom it may com/0cm.

Be it known that we, WILLIAM WVISHART and JOHN O. VVIsHAR'r, citizens Tot the United States, and residents of the fit of Clinton, in the county of Clinton and tate of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Removable Crossing had to the accompanying drawings, andture in the refrigerator,

Head for Compressors; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, referencebeto the numerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to compressors for refrigerating and similar machines, and has for its object to provide certain improve.

ments in the construction of cross head for rotatin the same and its connected parts, as hereinafter more definitely will be pointed out and claimed, reference being had, to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view of a complete refri crating plant constructed-in accordance wit our invention.

Figure 2 is an end View of the compressor.

Figure 3 is a side view of the compressor.

Figure 4 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view on the line 1-4 of Fig.

ure 2.

Figure 5' is an enlarged horizontal sectional view on-the'line :55 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a side view of the reciprocatinmember or double piston.

igure 7 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of one end of the reciprocating member.

Figure 8 is an inrler end view of the valve and valve holder provided at each end of the reciprocating member.

As shown in the drawingsz The reference numeral 1, indicates a refrigerator and may he of any suitable construction and has the expansion coil 2, in the top thereof which is adapted to be supplied with a fluid for reducin the temperahe reference numeral 3, indicates a hollow base, which is adapted to contain the condenser coils 4, and be supplied. with water through prisin a pair of cylinders 8, arranged one at eac vided with a reciprocating member 10, having' the ends thereof operating in the cylinders 8. The crank case 9, is adapted to serve as an inlet chamber for the fluid to be compressed ,which is supplied thereto through the pipe 11, which is connected through the valve 12, and scale remover 13, to the exhaust end of the expansion coil 2. Each end of the reciprocating member 10, is hollow as shown in Figure 5, and has the valve 1a, in the end thereof, which is slidably mounted in the hub 451, of the valve cage a2, which is threaded into the end of the piston. This valve is held closed by the spring 4:3,compressed on the stern 4:4, be-.

tween the hub 41 and head 45, and there is aspr n adapte to counterbalance to some extent the tension of the spring 43, to hold the valve lightly closed and enable it to open readily.

in the outer end of the cylinder there is a valve 15, similar to the valve shown in my application for compressor filed February 26th, 1918, Serial No, 219,210, which valve is seated againstan annular valve seatd'l,

formed around the outer end of the cylin-' der here. This valve, which. fornis'the end wall of the cylinder bore is slid'ably supported in a removable valve holder 48, which is clamped in place by the cylinder head 49, which bears thereagainstr It will be ob served that by reason of the end of the cyl-,.

moved for repairs and'to permit access to the cylinder.

At the inner end of the chamber 316, which is formed at each end of'the reciprocating member are a plurality of radially arranged passages 17 which are adapted when the piston is at the endof its inward stroke to ailord communication between the chamber 16, in the pistonand the chamber 18, in the crank case 7, and supply fluid from the chamber in the crank case through the pis ton to the chamber in the cylinder at the outer end of the piston, to be compressed therein. A further means to insure complete filling of the cylinder chamber at the end of the crank case 9, and pro- 46, between the hub and valve 14,

outer end of the piston, consists of the grooves or channels 40, which are preferably arranged spirally in the inner surface of the cylinder bore, as shown by dotted lines in Fi re 4, which, when the piston is at the en of its inward movement, afl ord communication from the chamber 18, in the crank case to the cylinder chamber at the outer end of the piston. When the piston starts to move outwardly it passes over the outer ends of these channels and interrupts communication.

At one side of the compressor, the crank,

ing chamber within which packing material 25, 'inay be compressed to prevent leakage around the shaft 23. A bushing or insert 26, slips into the end of the sleeve 24, and the outer end thereof is engaged by the nut 27, havinga threaded connection with the sleeve 24, whereby the bushing may be forced into the sleeve to compress the packing.

The outer end of the drive shaft 23, is provided with a coupling 28, whereby the shaft may be connected to a rotary drive member to apply power for operating the compressor.

.The reciprocating member 10, may be of uniform diameter from end to end as shown and intermediate of the ends is slotted or grooved transversely and has the channeled member 29, secured in the groove of the reciprocating member by means of screw 30.

' (See Fig. 5). This channeled member 29,

serves as a cross head and has a block 31, mounted therein to slide lengthwise of the channeled member 29, and adapted to have the crank pin 32, of the crank disk 33, journalled therein. This crankdisk 33, is secured to the inner end of the shaft 23 so as to turn therewith, and the block 31, may be provided with a removable bushing 34, to provide a bearing for the crank pin 32, which said bushing may be removed and replaced when it becomes worn.

At each end of the compressor is an outlet pipe 35, which connects through the pipe 36,

with the condenser coil 4, and this coil is provided with an outlet pipe 37, which has the valve 38 and communicates with the inlet end of the expansion coil 2, in the refrigerator;

The operation is as follows: Power is imparted to the shaft 23, throu h the cou ling- 28, and causes rotation of t e crank disk 33, and crank pin 32, thereof. The

pressed throu h the inlet member 10, being confined to a reciprocal movement by reason of engagement with the walls of the cylinders '8, is reciprocated by the movement of the crank pin 32, and as the crank pin 32, revolves the up and down movement thereof is provided for and prevented from beingapplied to the reciprocating member 10, by reason of the sliding engagement of the block 31,1 in the grooved of the reciprocating member to open and permit passage of the fluid to be compressed from the crank case 18, into the outer end of the cylinder. The reverse'movement of the reciprocating member 10, then draws in an additional amount of fluid to be comipe 11, from the expansion .coi s in the re igerator, and at the same time compresses the fluid in the cylinder chamber at the outer end of the piston. When the pressure of the compressed fluid in the cylinder chamber exceeds the pressure of the valve 15, said valve is-opened thereby and the fluid under compression in the cylinder chamber is forced out through the valve and the outlet pipes 35, 36 into the condenser coil 4, in the base of the compressor. The compression of the fluid in the cylinder heats the fluid and as it passes through the condenser coil 4, the water circulating around the coil lowers the temperature ofthe fluid and reduces it'to a suitable condition so that-when it is dispansion coil 2, it will expand and absorb heat from the refrigerator and thereby reduce the temperature thereof.

' Our improved construction provides an extremely simple means for the removal of the piston for repairs as the unbolting of the plate 20 permits the removal thereof, together with the shaft 23, the disk 33 and its pin 32 as a unit. I Then b removing the chamber in the base 3, through the pipe 6,

or from an independent source if desired.

While'we have shown our invention in a certain specific'form, for the purpose of illustration, we are aware that various changes and modifications may be made charged into the pipe 27, and into the exwithout departing from the spirit of our invention, and we therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted otherwise than necessitated. by the prior art.

\Ve claim as our invention:

1. The combination with a crank case having a side opening therein, of a piston reciprocal therein and slotted in one side, a channeled cross-head removably secured transversely in said slot, a crank disk dis' posed in said crank case opening, a crank pin on said disk engaging a block slidable in said cross-head, a drive shaft fixedto said disk, and acover plate removably attached to said crank case over the side opening therein and serving to retain said crank disk in position.

ciprocal therein and slot-ted in one side, a channeled cross-head removably secured transversely in said slot, a crank disk disposed in said crank case opening, a crank pin on said diskengaginga block slidable in said cross-head, a drive shaft fixed to said disk, and a cover plate removably attached to said crank case over the side opening therein and serving to retain said crank disk in posit-ion, said plate being centrally apertured to receive the drive shaft' therethrough and having an outwardly extending.

WILLIAM WISHART. JOHN o. W-ISHART.

Witnesses.

A. M. COOPER, L. F. SU'rroN.

presence of two 

